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Tropical Whirlwind Climatology

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Contents

• Overview
• Atlantic & Eastern Pacific
• Seasonal Tropical Cyclone Activity
• Origins past 10-24-hour interval Menstruum
• Origins & Tracks by Month
• High Resolution History Maps
• Named Cyclones by Twelvemonth
• U.Due south. Hurricane Return Periods
• CONUS Hurricane Strikes
• Fundamental Pacific Climatology

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Overview

A tropical cyclone is a rotating, organized system of clouds and thunderstorms that originates over tropical or subtropical waters and has a closed low-level circulation. Tropical cyclones rotate counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere. They are classified as follows:

• Tropical Depression: A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 38 mph (33 knots) or less.
• Tropical Storm: A tropical whirlwind with maximum sustained winds of 39 to 73 mph (34 to 63 knots).
• Hurricane: A tropical whirlwind with maximum sustained winds of 74 mph (64 knots) or higher. In the western N Pacific, hurricanes are chosen typhoons; similar storms in the Indian Ocean and Due south Pacific Ocean are called cyclones.
• Major Hurricane: A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 111 mph (96 knots) or college, corresponding to a Category three, 4 or 5 on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale.

Tropical cyclones forming between 5 and 30 degrees Due north latitude typically move toward the due west. Sometimes the winds in the heart and upper levels of the temper change and steer the cyclone toward the north and northwest. When tropical cyclones attain latitudes most 30 degrees Northward, they ofttimes move northeast.

Tropical Cyclone formation regions with mean tracks (courtesy of the NWS JetStream Online School)

Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Hurricane Flavor Normal Activeness

The Atlantic hurricane season runs from June 1 to Nov thirty. The Atlantic basin includes the Atlantic Bounding main, Caribbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico. Based on a 30-year climate menstruation from 1991 to 2020, an average Atlantic hurricane season has xiv named storms, seven hurricanes, and three major hurricanes (Category 3, iv, or 5 on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Air current Calibration). The first named storm typically forms in mid to belatedly June, the first hurricane tends to form in early on to mid-August, and the first major hurricane forms in belatedly August or early September.

The eastern Pacific hurricane season runs from May 15 to November 30. The eastern Pacific basin extends from Mexico and Central America westward to 140°W. Based on a xxx-year climate flow from 1991 to 2020, an average eastern Pacific hurricane season has 15 named storms, 8 hurricanes, and 4 major hurricanes. The kickoff named tempest typically forms in early on to mid-June, the offset hurricane tends to form in late June, and the kickoff major hurricane forms in mid-July.

The following tables describe the progress of typical hurricane seasons in the Atlantic and eastern Pacific basins by showing benchmark dates when a given number of named storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes typically forms. It is important to notation, nevertheless, that formation dates in private hurricane seasons could vary considerably from these boilerplate dates.

Table 1. Progress of the average Atlantic season (1991-2020). Date upon which the following number of events would unremarkably have occurred.

Number	Named systems	Hurricanes	Major Hurricanes
1	Jun twenty	Aug 11	Sep one
2	Jul 17	Aug 26	Sep 19
three	Aug three	Sep 7	Oct 28
4	Aug xv	Sep xvi	-
5	Aug 22	Sep 28	-
6	Aug 29	Oct fifteen	-
7	Sep 3	November 15	-
8	Sep 9	-	-
9	Sep 16	-	-
10	Sep 22	-	-
xi	Oct 2	-	-
12	Oct eleven	-	-
13	Oct 25	-	-
14	November nineteen	-	-

Table 2. Progress of the boilerplate eastern Pacific flavor (1991-2020). Date upon which the post-obit number of events would normally have occurred.

Number	Named systems	Hurricanes	Major Hurricanes
1	Jun x	Jun 26	Jul xv
2	Jun 24	Jul 15	Aug 15
3	Jul half dozen	Jul 31	Sep 13
iv	Jul 15	Aug sixteen	October 22
5	Jul 23	Aug 31	-
6	Aug 3	Sep 15	-
vii	Aug eleven	Sep 28	-
8	Aug 21	Oct 23	-
ix	Aug 28	-	-
x	Sep four	-	-
11	Sep 14	-	-
12	Sep 21	-	-
13	October 2	-	-
14	Oct fifteen	-	-
15	Nov 5	-	-

Seasonal Tropical Whirlwind Activity

These charts show the amount of tropical cyclone activity, in terms of named storms and hurricanes, that occurs in the Atlantic and e Pacific basins on each calendar day between May ane and Dec 31. Specifically, they evidence the number of hurricanes (yellowish area), and combined named storms and hurricanes (red surface area) that occur on each calendar day over a 100-year period. The data have been smoothed using a five-day running boilerplate centered on each calendar 24-hour interval. For the Atlantic basin (the Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, and the Gulf of Mexico), the chart is based on data from the 77-year period from 1944 to 2020 (starting at the outset of the aircraft reconnaissance era) merely normalized to 100 years. The official hurricane flavour for the Atlantic basin is from June one to November 30, only tropical cyclone activity sometimes occurs before and subsequently these dates, respectively. The elevation of the Atlantic hurricane flavor is September 10, with most activity occurring between mid-August and mid-October. For the eastern Pacific basin, the analyses are based on data from the fifty-year period from 1971 to 2020 (starting when there was reliable satellite imagery) but besides normalized to 100 years. The official hurricane season for the eastern Pacific basin is from May 15 to November thirty, but tropical cyclones occasionally occur before and afterwards these dates, respectively. A superlative in action is noted in belatedly August, only this acme is less pronounced than the pinnacle in Atlantic action. Relatively high levels of activity in the eastern Pacific tend to be spread out over a longer portion of the season than in the Atlantic, with well-nigh tropical cyclones occurring between late June and early Oct.

Points of Origin past 10-Day Period

The figures below show the points of tropical cyclone genesis by 10-twenty-four hours periods during the hurricane flavour. These figures describe named storms merely. The source years include 1851-2015 for the Atlantic and 1949-2015 for the Eastern Pacific from the HURDAT database.

Typical Tropical Cyclone Occurrence Areas by Month

These maps show where tropical cyclones (named storms and hurricanes) tend to occur during each month of the hurricane season. The data are shown as the number of named storms or hurricanes whose centers pass within 150 nautical miles of a bespeak on the map during a 100-twelvemonth period. For the Atlantic basin, the analyses are based on data from the 77-twelvemonth menses from 1944 to 2020 (starting at the beginning of the aircraft reconnaissance era) merely normalized to 100 years. For the eastern and primal Pacific basins, the analyses are based on data from the l-twelvemonth menstruation from 1971 to 2020 (starting when in that location was reliable satellite imagery) but also normalized to 100 years. Please notation that the map legends vary from basin to bowl and between named storms and hurricanes (simply non betwixt months) in lodge to make climatological patterns more apparent.

Atlantic Named Storms	Atlantic Hurricanes

Eastern and Cardinal Pacific Named Storms	Eastern and Central Pacific Hurricanes

Central Pacific Named Storms	Fundamental Pacific Hurricanes

GIS files for Tropical Whirlwind Occurrence Areas (KMZ format)

Loftier Resolution History Maps

All North Atlantic and Eastern North Pacific tropical cyclones

Named Cyclones by Yr

Confined depict number of named systems (yellow), hurricanes (red), and category iii or greater (regal), 1850-2014
Download hires image
Download table of data (PDF)

Hurricane Return Periods

Hurricane return periods are the frequency at which a certain intensity of hurricane can be expected within a given distance of a given location (for the below images 50 nm or 58 statute miles). In simpler terms, a return menses of xx years for a major hurricane ways that on average during the previous 100 years, a Category 3 or greater hurricane passed within 50 nm (58 miles) of that location about five times. Nosotros would then expect, on average, an additional five Category 3 or greater hurricanes within that radius over the next 100 years.

More information on return periods tin can be institute from NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS NHC 38 (pdf) on the NHC Risk Analysis Programme (HURISK).

Note: The information on render period is generated with the 1987 HURISK program, only uses data through 2010.

Estimated return period in years for hurricanes passing
within fifty nautical miles of various locations on the U.Southward. Coast

Estimated return period in years for major hurricanes passing
within 50 nautical miles of various locations on the U.South. Coast

CONUS Hurricane Strikes

1950-2021 CONUS Hurricane Strikes (Courtesy of NCEI)

CONUS Hurricane Strike Density (county maps)

1900-2010 U.S. Hurricane Strikes

1900-2010 U.S. Hurricane Strikes - Due west Gulf

1900-2010 U.Due south. Hurricane Strikes - East Gulf

1900-2010 U.South. Hurricane Strikes - Southeast

1900-2010 U.S. Hurricane Strikes - Northeast

1900-2010 U.S. Major Hurricane Strikes

1900-2010 U.S. Major Hurricane Strikes - West Gulf

1900-2010 U.S. Major Hurricane Strikes - East Gulf

1900-2010 U.S. Major Hurricane Strikes - Southeast

1900-2010 U.S. Major Hurricane Strikes - Northeast

Central Pacific Climatology

The post-obit graphs and charts draw some of the climatology of tropical cyclone activity in the area served by the Fundamental Pacific Hurricane Center, betwixt 140 degrees West longitude and the International Date Line and north of the equator.

Many factors bear upon the level of tropical cyclone activity from yr to yr. Amidst them are the state of the El Nino Southern Oscillation in the Pacific. Moderate to strong El Nino years are correlated with increased tropical whirlwind action in the Central Pacific and the occurrence of tardily season storms.

Continuous satellite coverage has been available in the Central Pacific since 1971 so many climatologies start with that appointment.Earlier accounts of tropical cyclone activity are based on state, send, and shipping observations equally well as some not-continuous satellite information.

Hurricane Flavor Climatology Central Pacific (1971-2008)

	Hurricanes	Tropical Storms	Tropical Depressions	Total
Full Number	58	46	59	163
Per centum of All Systems	36%	28%	36%

Tropical Cyclones in the Central Pacific Past Year

Tropical Cyclones in the Central Pacific Past Month

The following charts show the storms that have come within 200 miles and 75 miles of Hawaii. Storms that do non make landfall in Hawaii can nevertheless cause considerable damage, mostly from winds and surf.

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What Is Tan 30 Degrees,

Source: https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/climo/

Posted by: ruizlacky1937.blogspot.com

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